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Uterus Session

1.Understanding Uterine Anatomy
2.Imaging Techniques for the Uterus
3.Common Uterine Disorders


1. Understanding Uterine Anatomy Structure and Location:
 o Position: Found in the pelvic region nestled between the bladder and the rectum.
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Form: A pear-shaped organ, it consists of two main sections: the body, which is the larger upper segment, and the cervix, the narrower lower part that connects to the vagina.
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Layers: Composed of three layers: the endometrium (inner layer), myometrium (the muscular middle layer), and serosa (the outer visceral peritoneum).
 2. 
Imaging Techniques for the Uterus Transabdominal and Transvaginal Methods:
 o
Transabdominal: This method provides a wider perspective and requires a full bladder to enhance imaging.
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Transvaginal: This approach delivers a more detailed look at the uterine anatomy, particularly useful for obtaining high-resolution images of the endometrium and myometrium.
 3. 
Common Uterine Disorders Fibroids (Leiomyomas):
  o Characteristics: These appear as either hypoechoic or isoechoic masses that can lead to an increase in uterine size.
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Locations: They may be submucosal (beneath the endometrium), intramural (within the myometrium), or subserosal (below the serosa).
Adenomyosis:
 o Characteristics: Notable for diffuse or localized thickening of the myometrium, with an indistinct boundary between the endometrium and myometrium.

  Endometrial Conditions:
  ● Hyperplasia and Polyps: These involve thickening of the endometrium or localized growths that may present as echogenic masses within the endometrial cavity.

Condition Ultrasound Features Scanning Tips
Normal Uterus Tri-layered structure in reproductive age Use both transabdominal and transvaginal approaches for comprehensive assessment
Fibroids Well-defined, variable echogenicity Assess for size, number, and impact on endometrial cavity
Adenomyosis Heterogeneous myometrium, poor definition of layers Look for myometrial cysts and an irregular endometrial interface
Endometrial Pathologies Thickened endometrium, presence of masses Detailed endometrial evaluation, especially in postmenopausal bleeding